5 Axis Parts

Classification of five-axis machine tools
According to the type of rotary axis, five-axis machine tools can be divided into three categories: five-axis with double turntable, five-axis with double swing head, and five-axis with single swing head with single turntable. There are two types of rotating shafts: the rotating shaft that rotates the spindle direction is called the swing head, and the rotating shaft that rotates the table that clamps the work piece is called the turntable.
According to the classification of the rotation plane of the rotary axis, five-axis machine tools are divided into orthogonal five-axis and non-orthogonal five-axis. The machine tool whose rotation planes of the two rotation axes are all orthogonal planes (XY, YZ or XZ plane) is an orthogonal five-axis; the machine tool whose rotation planes of the two rotation axes have one or two non-orthogonal planes is non-orthogonal five axis.

Three typical structures of five-axis machine tools Double turntable five-axis
The two rotation axes belong to the turntable category, the rotation plane of the B axis is the YZ plane, and the rotation plane of the C axis is the XY plane.
Generally, the two rotating shafts are combined into a whole to form a double turntable structure, which is placed on the worktable.
Features: The worktable rotates and swings during processing, and the size of the work piece that can be processed is limited by the size of the turntable, which is suitable for processing small and light work pieces; the main shaft is always in the vertical direction, and the rigidity is relatively good, and it can carry out large cutting volume processing.

The two rotating axes of the double swing head and five axes belong to the swing head type, the B-axis rotation plane is the ZX plane, and the C-axis rotation plane is the XY plane.
The two rotary table shafts are combined as a whole to form a double swing head structure.
Features: The workbench does not rotate or swing during processing, the workpiece is fixed on the workbench, and does not move during processing. It is suitable for processing large and heavy work pieces; but because the spindle swings during processing, the rigidity is poor and the cutting volume is small.

Single turntable, single swing head, five-axis
The rotation axis B is the swing head, and the rotation plane is the ZX plane; the rotation axis C is the turntable, and the rotation plane is the XY plane.

Features: During processing, the worktable only rotates and does not swing, and the spindle only swings in one rotation plane. The processing characteristics are between double turntables and double swing heads.

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